Animalscaretips
- What is bicoid function?
- What is the functional role of the bicoid gene product?
- Is bicoid a maternal effect gene?
- Is bicoid present in humans?
- Why is bicoid a morphogen?
- Where is bicoid expression?
- Is bicoid recessive?
- Is hunchback a maternal effect gene or gap gene?
- How is bicoid transported from nurse cells into the oocyte?
- What will happen if bicoid is overexpressed?
- Does caudal inhibit bicoid?
- How is the bicoid gradient formed?
- Is caudal a gap gene?
- What do gap genes do?
- Is the bicoid gene a cytoplasmic determinant?
- What do Proneural bHLH genes do?
What is bicoid function?
Bicoid (Bcd) controls embryonic gene expression by transcriptional activation and translational repression. Both functions require the homeodomain (HD), which recognizes DNA motifs at target gene enhancers and a specific sequence interval in the 3' untranslated region of Caudal (CAD) mRNA.
What is the functional role of the bicoid gene product?
(1) A kind of maternal-effect gene (as in bicoid gene) whose function is to code for products used for establishing the normal patterning of anterior parts (head and thorax) of the embryo.
Is bicoid a maternal effect gene?
First, bicoid is a maternal effect gene. Messenger RNA from the mother's bicoid genes is placed in the embryo by the mother's ovarian cells (Figure 9.13A; Frigerio et al. 1986; Berleth et al. 1988).
Is bicoid present in humans?
Human Ptx3 is a member of the Bicoid-related subgroup of transcription factors that includes Drosophila Bicoid, Orthodenticle and Goosecoid.
Why is bicoid a morphogen?
Bicoid (Bcd) functions as a morphogen during Drosophila development. Accordingly, bcd mRNA is maternally localized to the anterior pole of the embryo, and Bcd forms an anterior/posterior gradient, which functions in a concentration dependent fashion.
Where is bicoid expression?
bicoid is expressed in the anterior egg region, where it exerts its role in patterning the anterior body of the larval fly.
Is bicoid recessive?
(6 pts) The developmental mutation, bicoid (bcd-) is recessive in mice. Normal bicoid protein must be present for embryos to form normally; if bicoid is not produced, the embryos will die. However, development can occur in homozygous recessives.
Is hunchback a maternal effect gene or gap gene?
Bicoid and Hunchback are the maternal effect genes that are most important for patterning of anterior parts (head and thorax) of the Drosophila embryo. Nanos and Caudal are maternal effect genes that are important in the formation of more posterior abdominal segments of the Drosophila embryo.
How is bicoid transported from nurse cells into the oocyte?
Exuperantia from nurse cell helps bicoid RNA (green) move to the oocyte anterior. ... Bicoid mRNA enters oocytes through large ring canals in the anterior, so Theurkauf says “our initial bias was that it was just being trapped” as it entered.
What will happen if bicoid is overexpressed?
What do you think happens when BICOID is overexpressed? Nothing, as long as there is an A/P axis, the embryo will develop normally. No, when overexpressed the BICOID gradient shifts. Anterior structures won't form now because there is too much BICOID.
Does caudal inhibit bicoid?
Caudal mRNA translation will inhibited by Bicoid protein, and since you injected bicoid mRNA into the middle of the embryo, Bicoid protein will be in a gradient highest in the middle of the embryo, and getting lower towards each end.
How is the bicoid gradient formed?
As an embryo develops, a single cell transforms into a collection of different types of cells. One protein that is crucial for this process in fruit fly embryos is Bicoid. ... Furthermore, the Bicoid gradient forms when the embryo has fewer than 32 nuclei, much earlier in development than previously thought.
Is caudal a gap gene?
Gap genes constitute the first layer of the Drosophila segmentation gene hierarchy, downstream of maternal gradients such as that of Caudal (Cad).
What do gap genes do?
Gap genes are defined by the effect of a mutation in that gene, which causes the loss of contiguous body segments, resembling a gap in the normal body plan. Each gap gene, therefore, is necessary for the development of a section of the organism.
Is the bicoid gene a cytoplasmic determinant?
Fertilization triggers the translation of the localized bicoid mRNA and formation of the Bicoid protein gradient. Remember, the bicoid mRNA is the cytoplasmic determinant while the Bicoid protein is the morphogen.
What do Proneural bHLH genes do?
Proneural genes encode transcription factors of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) class which are responsible for the development of neuroectodermal progenitor cells. ... They integrate positional information and contribute to the specification of progenitor-cell identity.
