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During every cell division, a cell must duplicate its chromosomal DNA through a process called DNA replication. The duplicated DNA is then segregated into two "daughter" cells that inherit the same genetic information. This process is called chromosome segregation.
- What does DNA replication duplicate?
- What happens when a cell duplicates?
- How does replication work when DNA duplicates itself?
- Why does the DNA need to duplicate?
- Which cell stage does DNA replicate?
- What happens during DNA replication?
- When chromosomes duplicate the copies are?
- What happens during metaphase?
- What happens anaphase?
- How does DNA replication differ between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
- How is DNA replication so accurate?
- Why do you think DNA is duplicated before a cell divides?
- What happens if DNA does not replicate?
What does DNA replication duplicate?
Replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. ... Each time a cell divides, the two resulting daughter cells must contain exactly the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell.
What happens when a cell duplicates?
Mitosis is a fundamental process for life. During mitosis, a cell duplicates all of its contents, including its chromosomes, and splits to form two identical daughter cells. ... It is a two-step process that reduces the chromosome number by half—from 46 to 23—to form sperm and egg cells.
How does replication work when DNA duplicates itself?
DNA replication is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division. ... The separation of the two single strands of DNA creates a 'Y' shape called a replication 'fork'. The two separated strands will act as templates for making the new strands of DNA.
Why does the DNA need to duplicate?
DNA replication needs to occur because existing cells divide to produce new cells. Each cell needs a full instruction manual to operate properly. So the DNA needs to be copied before cell division so that each new cell receives a full set of instructions!
Which cell stage does DNA replicate?
In the eukaryotic cell cycle, chromosome duplication occurs during "S phase" (the phase of DNA synthesis) and chromosome segregation occurs during "M phase" (the mitosis phase).
What happens during DNA replication?
DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. Replication is an essential process because, whenever a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell.
When chromosomes duplicate the copies are?
Because each chromosome was duplicated during S phase, it now consists of two identical copies called sister chromatids that are attached at a common center point called the centromere.
What happens during metaphase?
Metaphase is a stage in the cell cycle where all the genetic material is condensing into chromosomes. These chromosomes then become visible. During this stage, the nucleus disappears and the chromosomes appear in the cytoplasm of the cell.
What happens anaphase?
During anaphase, each pair of chromosomes is separated into two identical, independent chromosomes. The chromosomes are separated by a structure called the mitotic spindle. ... The separated chromosomes are then pulled by the spindle to opposite poles of the cell.
How does DNA replication differ between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
The prokaryotic DNA replication is a continuous process and occurs throughout the cell cycle. The eukaryotic DNA replication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle. The DNA molecule in prokaryotic cells is double-stranded and circular in shape.
How is DNA replication so accurate?
The cell has multiple mechanisms to ensure the accuracy of DNA replication. The first mechanism is the use of a faithful polymerase enzyme that can accurately copy long stretches of DNA. The second mechanism would be for the polymerase to catch its own mistakes and correct them. ... DNA is double-stranded.
Why do you think DNA is duplicated before a cell divides?
It is important that DNA is duplicated prior to cell division because it ensures that the daughter cells get the correct amount of DNA.
What happens if DNA does not replicate?
If cells don't replicate their DNA or don't do it completely, the daughter cell will end up with no DNA or only part of the DNA. This cell will likely die. ... Cells also copy their DNA right before a special cell division event called meiosis, which results in special cells called gametes (also known as eggs and sperm.)
